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HomeMy WebLinkAbout08668 Background Paper for Proposed ORDINANCE DATE: NOVEMBER 11, 2013 AGENDA ITEM # R-9 DEPARTMENT: DEPARTMENT OF PUBLIC WORKS EARL WILKINSON, DIRECTOR TITLE AN ORDINANCE REPEALING AND REENACTING CHAPTER 9 OF TITLE XVII OF THE PUEBLO MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION ISSUE Should the City Council repeal and reenact Chapter 9 of Title XVII of the Pueblo Municipal Code relating to flood damage prevention? RECOMMENDATION The Planning and Zoning Commission, at their October 9, 2013 Regular Meeting, voted 5-0 with Commissioners Latka and Burrer being absent to recommend approval of this Ordinance. BACKGROUND In late 2010, the Colorado Water Conservation Board (CWCB) adopted revised Rules and Regulations for Floodplains in Colorado (Rules), effective January 14, 2011. The Rules provide higher floodplain management standards to reduce the risks to people and property caused by flooding. A three-year transition period was provided and the City has until January 14, 2014 to adopt floodplain regulations consistent with the Rules. Failure to adopt updated floodplain regulations consistent with the Rules, as well as any updates necessary to bring local regulations into compliance with minimum National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) criteria, may lead to sanctions including NFIP suspension or probation. If a community is placed on NFIP probation, a $50 surcharge would be placed on flood insurance policies. The community would then need to correct the identified deficiencies, including adopting the Rules, or be subject to NFIP suspension. If a community is suspended from the NFIP, federally-backed flood insurance policies would no longer be available and existing policies will lapse at renewal. Federally-backed loans, grants, and other financial assistance for activities within the floodplain would not be available. If a Presidential Disaster Declaration caused by flooding is made, property owners would be ineligible for most forms of disaster assistance. The proposed Ordinance is modeled after the form Floodplain Damage Prevention Ordinance of the Colorado Department of Natural Resources. It should be acceptable to and in compliance with the NFIP. FINANCIAL IMPACT The passage of this Ordinance will have little or no impact on the overall budget of the Department of Stormwater Utility. ORDINANCE NO. 8668 AN ORDINANCE REPEALING AND REENACTING CHAPTER 9 OF TITLE XVII OF THE PUEBLO MUNICIPAL CODE RELATING TO FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF PUEBLO, that: (brackets indicate matter being deleted, underscoring indicates new matter being added) SECTION 1. Chapter 9 of Title XVII of the Pueblo Municipal Code is hereby repealed as follows: CHAPTER 9 Flood Damage Prevention [ Sec. 17-9-1. Definitions. Unless specifically defined below, words or phrases used in this Chapter shall be interpreted so as to give them the meaning they have in common usage and to give this Chapter its most reasonable application. (1) Appeal means a request for a review of the interpretation by the Director of the Department of Stormwater Utility of any provision of this Chapter or a request for a variance. (2) Area of special flood hazard means the land in the flood plain within the City subject to a one-percent chance of flooding in any given year. (3) Base flood means the flood having a one-percent chance of occurring in any given year. (4) Critical Feature means an integral and readily identifiable part of a flood protection system, without which the flood protection provided by the entire system would be compromised. (5) Development means any man-made change to improved or unimproved real estate, including but not limited to buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations located within the area of special flood hazard. (6) Existing manufactured home park or manufactured home subdivision means a parcel (or contiguous parcels) of land divided into two (2) or more manufactured home lots for rent or sale for which the construction of facilities for serving the lot on which the manufactured home is to be affixed (including, at a minimum, the installation of utilities, either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads, and for the construction of streets) is completed before December 1, 1978. (7) Expansion of an existing manufactured home park or manufactured home subdivision means the preparation of additional sites by the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including the installation of utilities, either final site grading or pouring of concrete or the construction of streets). (8) Flood or flooding means a general and temporary condition of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from: a. The overflow of inland waters and/or b. The unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source. (9) Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) means the official map on which the Federal Insurance Administration has delineated both the areas of special flood hazards and the risk premium zones applicable to the City. (10) Flood Insurance Study means the official report in which the Federal Insurance Administration has provided flood profiles, as well as the flood Boundary-Floodway Map and the water surface elevation of the base flood for the City dated September 29, 1986, as revised. (11) Floodway means the channel of a river or other watercourse and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than one (1) foot. (12) Levee means a man-made structure, usually an earthen embankment, designed and constructed in accordance with sound engineering practices to contain, control or divert the flow of water to provide protection from temporary flooding. (13) Levee system means a flood protection system which consists of a levee, or levees, and associated structures, such as closure and drainage devices, which are constructed and operated in accordance with sound engineering practices. (14) Manufactured home means a detached, single-family dwelling unit with all the following characteristics: (a) designed for a long-term occupancy and containing sleeping accommodation, a flush toilet, a tub or shower bath and kitchen facilities, and has plumbing and electrical connections provided for attachment to outside systems; (b) designed to be transported after fabrication, on its own wheels, on flatbed, other trailers or detachable wheels; (c) arrives at the site where it is to be occupied as a complete dwelling and is ready for occupancy except for minor and incident unpacking and assembly operations, location on foundation supports or jacks, underpinned, connections to utilities and the like; (d) exceeding either eight (8) feet in width or thirty-two (32) feet in length, excluding towing gear and bumpers; and (e) is without motive power. It does not include recreational vehicles or travel trailers. (15) Manufactured home park means an area under single ownership of at least five (5) acres of land which has been so designated and improved that it contains two (2) or more manufactured home or travel trailer spaces available to the general public for the placement thereon of manufactured homes or travel trailers for occupancy. (16) Manufactured home subdivision means a tract of land ten (10) acres or more, which has been designed and improved in its entirety in accordance with the City Subdivision Regulations and the Zoning Ordinances where manufactured homes can be located on individually platted and owned lots for dwelling purposes. (17) Mean sea level means, for purposes of the National Flood Insurance Program, the National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) of 1929 or other datum, to which base flood elevations shown on a community's Flood Insurance Rate Map are referenced. (18) New construction means structures for which the start of construction commenced on or after December 1, 1978. (19) New manufactured home park or manufactured home subdivision means a manufactured home park or manufactured home subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing any space or the lot (including, at a minimum, the installation of utilities, either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads, the construction of streets) is completed on or after December 1, 1978. (20) Program deficiency means a defect in a community's flood plain management regulations or administrative procedures that impairs effective implementation of those flood plain management regulations or the National Flood Insurance Program standards 60.3, 60.4, 60.5 or 60.6. (21) Remedy a violation means to bring the structure or other development into compliance with state or local flood plain management regulations or, if this is not possible, to reduce the impacts of its noncompliance. Impacts may be reduced in the following ways: protecting the structure or other affected development from flood damages, implementing the enforcement provisions of this Chapter or otherwise deterring future similar violations, or reducing federal financial exposure with regard to the structure or other development. (22) Start of construction includes substantial improvement, and means the date the building permit was issued, provided that the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, placement or other improvement was within one hundred eighty (180) days of the permit date. The actual start means the first placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site, such as the pouring of a slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction of columns or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or the placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent construction does not include land preparation, such as clearing, grading and filling; nor does it include the installation of streets or walkways; nor does it include excavation for a basement, footings, piers or foundations or the erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. (23) Structure means a walled and roofed building, a manufactured home or a gas or liquid storage tank, that is principally above ground. (24) Substantial improvement means any repair, reconstruction or improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds fifty percent (50%) of the market value of the structure either: a. Before the improvement or repair is started, or b. If the structure has been damaged and is being restored, before the damage occurred. For the purposes of this definition, substantial improvement is considered to occur when the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor or other structural part of the building commences, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the structures. The term does not, however, include either: a. Any project for improvement of a structure to comply with existing State or local health, sanitary or safety code specifications which are solely necessary to assure safe living conditions, or b. Any alteration of a structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places or a State Inventory of Historic Places. (25) Variance means a grant of relief from the requirements of this Chapter which permits construction in a manner that would otherwise be prohibited by this Chapter. (26) Violation means the failure of a structure or other development to be in full compliance with the City's flood plain management regulations. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate, other certifications or other evidence of compliance required in National Flood Insurance Program standards 60.3(b)(5), (c)(4), (c)(10), (d)(3), (e)(2), (e)(4) or (e)(5) is presumed to be in violation until such time as that documentation is provided. (27) Water surface elevation means the height, in relation to the National Geodetic Vertical Datum (NGVD) of 1929 (or other datum, where specified) of floods of various magnitudes and frequencies in the flood plains of coastal or riverine areas. Sec. 17-9-2. Application. This Chapter shall apply to all areas of special flood hazards within the jurisdiction of the City. Sec. 17-9-3. Establishment of areas of special flood hazard. The areas of special flood hazard identified by the Federal Insurance Administration in a scientific and engineering report entitled "The Flood Insurance Study for the City of Pueblo, Colorado," dated September 29, 1986, with accompanying Flood Insurance Rate Maps and Flood Boundary-Floodway Maps as revised September 29, 1986, are hereby adopted by reference, incorporated herein as if set out herein in full, and declared to be a part of this Chapter. The Flood Insurance Study is on file in the office of the Director of the Department of Stormwater Utility. Sec. 17-9-4. Penalties for noncompliance. No structure or land shall hereafter be constructed, located, extended, converted or altered without full compliance with the terms of this Chapter and other applicable ordinances and regulations of the City. Violation of the provisions of this Chapter by failure to comply with any of its requirements (including violations of conditions and safeguards established in connection with conditions or grants of variances) shall constitute a violation of this Code. Any person who violates this Chapter or fails to comply with any of its requirements shall upon conviction thereof be punished as provided in Section 1-2-1 of this Code. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the City from taking such other lawful action as is necessary to prevent, enjoin or remedy any violation. Sec. 17-9-5. Greater restrictions. This Chapter is not intended to repeal, abrogate or impair any existing easements, covenants or deed restrictions. However, where this Chapter and other ordinance, easement, covenant or deed restrictions conflict or overlap, whichever imposes the more stringent restrictions shall prevail. Sec. 17-9-6. Interpretation. In the interpretation and application of this Chapter, all provisions shall be: (1) Considered as minimum requirements; (2) Liberally construed in favor of the City; and (3) Deemed neither to limit nor repeal any other powers granted under the Constitution and laws of the State. Sec. 17-9-7. Warning and disclaimer of liability. The degree of flood protection required by this Chapter is considered reasonable for regulatory purposes and is based on scientific and engineering considerations. Larger floods can and will occur on rare occasions. Flood heights may be increased by man-made or natural causes. This Chapter does not imply that land outside the area of special flood hazards or uses permitted within such areas will be free from flooding or flood damages. This Chapter shall not create liability on the part of the City, any officer or employee thereof or the Federal Insurance Administration, for any flood damages that result from reliance on this Chapter or any administrative decision lawfully made hereunder. Sec. 17-9-8. Establishment of development permit system. (a) Development permits shall be obtained before construction or development begins within any area of special flood hazard. Application for a development permit shall be made on forms furnished by the Director of the Department of Stormwater Utility and may include, but not be limited to: plans in duplicate drawn to scale showing the nature, location, dimensions and elevations of the area in question; and existing or proposed structures, fill, storage of materials, and drainage facilities, and the location of the foregoing. (b) The application shall be submitted with the following information: (1) Elevation in relation to mean sea level of the lowest floor (including basement) of all structures; (2) Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any structure has been floodproofed; (3) Certification by a professional engineer or architect registered by the State that the floodproofing methods for any nonresidential structure meet the floodproofing criteria in Section 17-9-13(2); and (4) Description of the extent to which any watercourse will be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development. Sec. 17-9-9. Designation and duties of the Administrative Official. (a) The Director of the Department of Stormwater Utility is hereby appointed as the Administrative Official to administer and implement this Chapter by granting or denying development permit applications in accordance with its provisions. (b) The duties of the Administrative Official shall include, but not be limited to: (1) Review all development permits to determine that the permit requirements of this Chapter have been satisfied. (2) Review all development permits to determine that all necessary permits have been obtained from those federal, state or local governmental agencies from which prior approval is required. (3) Review all development permits to determine if the proposed development is located in the floodway. If located in the floodway, assure that the encroachment provisions of Section 17-9-15(a) are met. (c) When base flood elevation data has not been provided in the Flood Insurance Study, the Administrative Official shall obtain, review and reasonably utilize any base flood elevation data available from a federal, state or other source, in order to administer Section 17-9-13 of this Code. The Administrative Official shall obtain, review and reasonably utilize any base flood elevation data available from a federal, state or other source. (d) The Administrative Official shall: (1) Obtain and record the actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level) of the lowest floor (including basement) of all new or substantially improved structures, and whether or not the structure contains a basement. (2) For all new or substantially improved floodproofed structures: a. Obtain and record the actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level) to which the structure was floodproofed; and b. Maintain the floodproofing certifications required in Section 17-9-8(b)(3). (3) Maintain for public inspection all records pertaining to the provisions of this Chapter. (4) Notify adjacent communities and the appropriate state agencies, which includes the Colorado Water Conservation Board, prior to any alteration or relocation of a watercourse, and submit evidence of such notification to the Federal Insurance Administration. (5) Require that maintenance is provided within the altered or relocated portion of said watercourse so that the flood carrying capacity is not diminished. (6) Make interpretations where needed as to the exact location of the boundaries of the areas of special flood hazards (for example, where there appears to be a conflict between a mapped boundary and actual field conditions). The person contesting the location of the boundary shall be given a reasonable opportunity to appeal the interpretation as provided in Section 17-9-10(b). Sec. 17-9-10. Appeal and variance procedure. (a) The Zoning Board of Appeals shall hear and decide appeals and requests for variances from the requirements of this Chapter. (b) The Zoning Board of Appeals shall hear and decide appeals when it is alleged there is an error in any requirement, decision or determination made by the Administrative Official in the enforcement or administration of this Chapter; provided that written request for such appeal and hearing specifying the grounds therefor shall be filed in the office of the Administrative Official within fifteen (15) days after the date of the alleged error, decision or determination of the Administrative Official which is being appealed. (c) Those aggrieved by the decision of the Zoning Board of Appeals, the City or any owner of property in the area of special flood hazard may appeal such decision to the Pueblo County District Court, as provided in Section 17-5-36. (d) In passing upon application for variances, the Zoning Board of Appeals shall consider all technical evaluations, all relevant factors, standards specified in other sections of this Chapter, and: (1) The danger that materials may be swept into other lands to the injury of others; (2) The danger to life and property due to flooding or erosion damage; (3) The susceptibility of the proposed facility and its contents to flood damage and the effect of such damage on the individual owner; (4) The importance of the services provided by the proposed facility to the community; (5) The necessity to the facility of a waterfront location, where applicable; (6) The availability of alternative locations for the proposed use which are not subject to flooding or erosion damage; (7) The relationship of the proposed use to the comprehensive plan and flood plain management program of that area; (8) The safety of access to the property in times of flood for ordinary and emergency vehicles; (9) The expected heights, velocity, duration, rate of rise and sediment transport of the flood waters and the effects of wave action, if applicable, expected at the site; and (10) The costs of providing governmental services during and after flood conditions, including maintenance and repair of public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems, and streets and bridges. (e) Upon consideration of the factors of Subsection (d) above and the purposes of this Chapter, the Zoning Board of Appeals may attach such conditions to the granting of variances as it deems necessary to further the purposes of this Chapter. (f) The Administrative Official shall maintain the records of all appeal actions, including technical information, and report any variances to the Federal Insurance Administration upon request. Sec. 17-9-11. Conditions for variances. (a) Generally, variances may be issued for new construction and substantial improvements to be erected on a lot of one-half (1/2) acre or less in size contiguous to and surrounded by lots with existing structures constructed below the base flood level, provided that all matters in Section 17-9-10(d) have been fully considered. As the lot size increases beyond the one-half (1/2) acre, the technical justification required for issuing the variance increases. (b) Variances may be issued for the reconstruction, rehabilitation or restoration of structures listed on the National Register of Historic Places or the State Inventory of Historic Places, without regard to the procedures set forth in the remainder of this Section. (c) Variances shall not be issued within any designated floodway if any increase in flood levels during the base flood discharge would result. (d) Variances shall only be issued upon a determination that the variance is the minimum necessary, considering the flood hazard, to afford relief. (e) Variances shall only be issued upon: (1) A determination by the Zoning Board of Appeals that failure to grant the variance would result in exceptional hardship to the applicant; and (2) A determination by the Zoning Board of Appeals that the granting of a variance will not result in increased flood heights, additional threats to public safety, extraordinary public expense, create nuisances, cause fraud on or victimization of the public or conflict with existing local laws or ordinances. (f) Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be given written notice describing the property and stating that the structure will be permitted to be built with a lowest floor elevation below the base flood elevation and that the cost of flood insurance will be commensurate with the increased risk resulting from the reduced lowest floor elevation. A copy of said notice shall be recorded in the County Clerk and Recorder's office by the Administrative Official. (g) Upon the receipt of a written application for a variance, the Administrative Official shall give notice and schedule a hearing on said application before the Zoning Board of Appeals in accordance with the notice and provisions of Section 17-5-33(b). Sec. 17-9-12. General standards. In all areas of special flood hazards, the following standards are required: (1) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement of the structure and to withstand hydrodynamic loads. (2) All manufactured homes shall be anchored to resist flotation, collapse or lateral movement by providing over-the-top and frame ties to ground anchors. Special requirements shall be that: a. Over-the-top ties be provided at each of the four (4) corners of the manufactured home, with two (2) additional ties per side at intermediate locations, with manufactured homes less than fifty (50) feet long requiring one (1) additional tie per side. b. Frame ties be provided at each corner of the home with five (5) additional ties per side at intermediate points, with manufactured homes less than fifty (50) feet long requiring four (4) additional ties per side; c. All components of the anchoring system be capable of carrying a force of four thousand eight hundred (4,800) pounds; and d. Any additions to the manufactured home be similarly anchored. e. All manufactured homes shall meet National Flood Insurance Program regulations which took effect on January 1, 1986. (3) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be constructed with materials and utility equipment resistant to flood damage and using methods and practices that minimize flood damage. (4) All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the system. New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the systems and discharge from the systems into flood waters. On-site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding. (5) All subdivision proposals shall: (a) be consistent with the need to minimize flood damage; (b) have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems located and constructed to minimize flood damage; (c) have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood damage; and (d) be submitted with base flood elevation data. (6) Electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing and air-conditioning equipment and other service facilities shall be designed or located to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding. (7) For all new construction and substantial improvements, fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that are subject to flooding shall be designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs to meet this requirement shall either be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect or must meet or exceed the following minimum criteria: a minimum of two (2) openings having a total net area or not less than one (1) square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding shall be provided; the bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one (1) foot above grade; and openings may be equipped with screens, louvers or other coverings or devices, provided that they permit the automatic entry and exit of floodwaters. Sec. 17-9-13. Specific standards. In all areas of special flood hazards where base flood elevation data have been provided in the Flood Insurance Study or pursuant to Section 17-9-9(c), the following standards are required: (1) New construction and substantial improvement of any residential structure shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to or above base flood elevation. (2) New construction and substantial improvements of any commercial, industrial or other nonresidential structure shall either have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to the level of the base flood elevation; or together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities, shall: a. Be floodproofed so that below the base flood level the structure is watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water; b. Have structural components capable of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy; and c. Be certified by a professional engineer or architect registered by the State that the standards of this Subsection are satisfied. Such certifications shall be furnished to the Administrative Official. Sec. 17-9-14. Manufactured homes. (a) Manufactured homes shall be anchored in accordance with Section 17-9- 12(2). (b) For new manufactured home parks and manufactured home subdivisions; for expansions to existing manufactured home parks and manufactured home subdivisions; and for existing manufactured home parks and manufactured home subdivisions where the repair, reconstruction or improvement of the streets, utilities and pads equals or exceeds fifty percent (50%) of the value of the streets, utilities and pads before the repair, reconstruction or improvement has commenced; the following are required: (1) Stands or lots are elevated on compacted fill or on pilings so that the lowest floor of the manufactured home will be at or above the base flood level; (2) Adequate surface drainage and access for a hauler are provided; and (3) In the instance of elevation on pilings, that: lots are large enough to permit steps, piling foundations are placed in stable soil no more than ten (10) feet apart, and reinforcement is provided for pilings more than six (6) feet above the ground level. (c) No manufactured home shall be placed in a floodway, except in an existing manufactured home park or an existing manufactured home subdivision. Sec. 17-9-15. Floodways. (a) Encroachments, including fill, new construction, substantial improvements and other development are prohibited within a floodway unless a technical evaluation demonstrates that encroachments shall not result in any increase in flood levels during the occurrence of the base flood discharge and unless all new construction and substantial improvements in a floodway shall comply with Sections 17-9-12 and 17-9- 13. (b) The placement of any manufactured homes, except in an existing manufactured home park or existing manufactured home subdivision, is prohibited in a floodway. Sec. 17-9-16. Building permit. No building permit shall be issued for any development in areas of special flood hazards by any official of the City under any provision of this Code until the ] Administrative Official shall first issue a development permit therefor. SECTION 2. Chapter 9 of Title XVII of the Pueblo Municipal Code is hereby reenacted to read as follows: Sec. 17-9-1. Title and purpose. (a) Authority. The regulations set forth in this Chapter are designed to minimize flood losses and are enacted pursuant to the City’s home rule authority under Article XX of the Constitution of the State of Colorado. (b) Findings of fact. (1) The flood hazard areas of the City of Pueblo are subject to periodic inundation, which can result in loss of life and property, health and safety hazards, disruption of commerce and governmental services, and extraordinary public expenditures for flood protection and relief, all of which adversely affect the health, safety and general welfare of the public. (2) These flood losses are created by the cumulative effect of obstructions in floodplains which cause an increase in flood heights and velocities, and by the occupancy of flood hazard areas by uses vulnerable to floods and hazardous to other lands because they are inadequately elevated, floodproofed or otherwise protected from flood damage. (c) Statement of purpose. It is the purpose of this Chapter to promote public health, safety and general welfare and to minimize public and private losses due to flood conditions in specific areas by provisions designed to: (1) Protect human life and health; (2) Minimize expenditure of public money for costly flood control projects; (3) Minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts associated with flooding and generally undertaken at the expense of the general public; (4) Minimize prolonged business interruptions; (5) Minimize damage to critical facilities, infrastructure and other public facilities such as water, sewer and gas mains; electric and communications stations; and streets and bridges located in floodplains; (6) Help maintain a stable tax base by providing for the sound use and development of flood-prone areas in such a manner as to minimize future flood blight areas; and (7) Insure that potential buyers are notified that property is located in a flood hazard area. (d) Methods of reducing flood losses. In order to accomplish its purposes, this Chapter uses the following methods: (1) Restrict or prohibit uses that are dangerous to health, safety or property in times of flood, or cause excessive increases in flood heights or velocities; (2) Require that uses vulnerable to floods, including facilities which serve such uses, be protected against flood damage at the time of initial construction; (3) Control the alteration of natural floodplains, stream channels, and natural protective barriers, which are involved in the accommodation of flood waters; (4) Control filling, grading, dredging and other development which may increase flood damage; (5) Prevent or regulate the construction of flood barriers which will unnaturally divert flood waters or which may increase flood hazards to other lands. Sec. 17-9-2. Definitions. (a) Unless specifically defined below, words or phrases used in this Chapter shall be interpreted to give them the meaning they have in common usage and to give this Chapter its most reasonable application. (1) means a flood having a recurrence interval that 100-year Flood has a one-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded during any given year (1-percent-annual-chance flood). The terms "one-hundred-year flood" and "one percent chance flood" are synonymous with the term "100-year flood." The term does not imply that the flood will necessarily happen once every one hundred years. (2) means the area of land susceptible to 100-year Floodplain being inundated as a result of the occurrence of a one-hundred-year flood. (3) means a flood having a recurrence interval that 500-year Flood has a 0.2-percent chance of being equaled or exceeded during any given year (0.2-percent-chance-annual-flood). The term does not imply that the flood will necessarily happen once every five hundred years. (4) means the area of land susceptible to 500-year Floodplain being inundated as a result of the occurrence of a five-hundred-year flood. (5) means any activity that expands the enclosed Addition footprint or increases the square footage of an existing structure. (6) means a fan-shaped sediment deposit Alluvial Fan Flooding formed by a stream that flows from a steep mountain valley or gorge onto a plain or the junction of a tributary stream with the main stream. Alluvial fans contain active stream channels and boulder bars, and recently abandoned channels. Alluvial fans are predominantly formed by alluvial deposits and are modified by infrequent sheet flood, channel avulsions and other stream processes. (7) means a designated Zone AO or AH Area of Shallow Flooding on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) with a one percent chance or greater annual chance of flooding to an average depth of one to three feet where a clearly defined channel does not exist, where the path of flooding is unpredictable and where velocity flow may be evident. Such flooding is characterized by ponding or sheet flow. (8) means the elevation shown on the Base Flood Elevation (BFE) Flood Insurance Rate Map for Zones AE, AH, A1-A30, AR, AR/A, AR/AE, AR/A1-A30, AR/AH, AR/AO, V1-V30, and VE that indicates the water surface elevation resulting from a flood that has a one percent chance of equaling or exceeding that level in any given year. (9) means any area of a building having its floor sub- Basement grade (below ground level) on all sides. (10) means the physical confine of stream or waterway Channel consisting of a bed and stream banks, existing in a variety of geometries. (11) means the artificial creation, enlargement or Channelization realignment of a stream channel. (12) means the codification of Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) the general and permanent Rules published in the Federal Register by the executive departments and agencies of the Federal Government. It is divided into 50 titles that represent broad areas subject to Federal regulation. (13) means City of Pueblo, Colorado. City (14) means FEMA's Conditional Letter of Map Revision (CLOMR) comment on a proposed project, which does not revise an effective floodplain map, that would, upon construction, affect the hydrologic or hydraulic characteristics of a flooding source and thus result in the modification of the existing regulatory floodplain. (15) means a structure or related infrastructure, but Critical Facility not the land on which it is situated, as specified in Subsection 17-9-5(h), that if flooded may result in significant hazards to public health and safety or interrupt essential services and operations for the City at any time before, during and after a flood. (16) means any man-made change in improved and Development unimproved real state, including but not limited to buildings or other structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or drilling operations or storage of equipment or materials. (17) means database (usually spreadsheets DFIRM Database containing data and analyses that accompany DFIRMs). The FEMA Mapping Specifications and Guidelines outline requirements for the development and maintenance of DFIRM databases. (18) means FEMA digital Digital Flood Insurance Rate Map (DFIRM) floodplain map. These digital maps serve as “regulatory floodplain maps” for insurance and floodplain management purposes. (19) means a non-basement building (i) built, in Elevated Building the case of a building in Zones A1-30, AE, A, A99, AO, AH, B, C, X, and D, to have the top of the elevated floor above the ground level by means of pilings, columns (posts and piers), or shear walls parallel to the flow of the water and (ii) adequately anchored so as not to impair the structural integrity of the building during a flood of up to the magnitude of the base flood. In the case of Zones A1-30, AE, A, A99, AO, AH, B, C, X, and D, "elevated building" also includes a building elevated by means of fill or solid foundation perimeter walls with openings sufficient to facilitate the unimpeded movement of flood waters. (20) means a Existing Manufactured Home Park or Subdivision manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including, at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads) is completed before January 14, 2014. (21) Expansion to an Existing Manufactured Home Park or means the preparation of additional sites by the construction Subdivision of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads). (22) means the official daily publication for Rules, Federal Register proposed Rules, and notices of Federal agencies and organizations, as well as executive orders and other presidential documents. (23) FEMA means Federal Emergency Management Agency, the agency responsible for administering the National Flood Insurance Program. (24) means a general and temporary condition of Flood or Flooding partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from: a. The overflow of water from channels and reservoir spillways; b. The unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface waters from any source; or c. Mudslides or mudflows that occur from excess surface water that is combined with mud or other debris that is sufficiently fluid so as to flow over the surface of normally dry land areas (such as earth carried by a current of water and deposited along the path of the current). (25) means an official map of the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) City, on which the Federal Emergency Management Agency has delineated both the Special Flood Hazard Areas and the risk premium zones applicable to the City. (26) means the official report provided Flood Insurance Study (FIS) by the Federal Emergency Management Agency. The report contains the Flood Insurance Rate Map as well as flood profiles for studied flooding sources that can be used to determine Base Flood Elevations for some areas. (27) means any land area Floodplain or Flood-prone Area susceptible to being inundated as the result of a flood, including the area of land over which floodwater would flow from the spillway of a reservoir. (28) means the Director of the Floodplain Administrator Department of Stormwater Utility. (29) means a permit required Floodplain Development Permit before construction or development begins within any Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). If FEMA has not defined the SFHA within the City, the City shall require permits for all proposed construction or other development in the City including the placement of manufactured homes, so that it may determine whether such construction or other development is proposed within flood-prone areas. Permits are required to ensure that proposed development projects meet the requirements of the NFIP and this Chapter. (30) means the operation of an overall Floodplain Management program of corrective and preventive measures for reducing flood damage, including but not limited to emergency preparedness plans, flood control works and floodplain management regulations. (31) means zoning Floodplain Management Regulations ordinances, subdivision regulations, building codes, health regulations, special purpose ordinances (such as a floodplain ordinance, grading ordinance and erosion control ordinance) and other applications of police power. The term describes such state or local regulations, in any combination thereof, which provide standards for the purpose of flood damage prevention and reduction. (32) means a physical structure designed Flood Control Structure and built expressly or partially for the purpose of reducing, redirecting, or guiding flood flows along a particular waterway. These specialized flood modifying works are those constructed in conformance with sound engineering standards. (33) means any combination of structural and/or Floodproofing non-structural additions, changes, or adjustments to structures which reduce or eliminate flood damage to real estate or improved real property, water and sanitary facilities, structures and their contents. (34) means the channel of a river Floodway (Regulatory Floodway) or other watercourse and adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to discharge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water surface elevation more than a designated height. The Colorado statewide standard for the designated height to be used for all newly studied reaches shall be one-half foot (six inches). Letters of Map Revision to existing floodway delineations may continue to use the floodway criteria in place at the time of the existing floodway delineation. (35) means the vertical distance in feet above a Freeboard predicted water surface elevation intended to provide a margin of safety to compensate for unknown factors that could contribute to flood heights greater than the height calculated for a selected size flood such as debris blockage of bridge openings and the increased runoff due to urbanization of the watershed. (36) means a use which cannot Functionally Dependent Use perform its intended purpose unless it is located or carried out in close proximity to water. The term includes only docking facilities, port facilities that are necessary for the loading and unloading of cargo or passengers, and ship building and ship repair facilities, but does not include long-term storage or related manufacturing facilities. (37) means the highest natural elevation of Highest Adjacent Grade the ground surface prior to construction next to the proposed walls of a structure. (38) means any structure that is: Historic Structure a. Listed individually in the National Register of Historic Places (a listing maintained by the Department of Interior) or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior as meeting the requirements for individual listing on the National Register; b. Certified or preliminarily determined by the Secretary of the Interior as contributing to the historical significance of a registered historic district or a district preliminarily determined by the Secretary to qualify as a registered historic district; c. Individually listed on a state inventory of historic places in states with historic preservation programs which have been approved by the Secretary of Interior; or d. Individually listed on the Pueblo Inventory of Cultural Resources pursuant to Chapter 4 of Title XIV of the Code. (39) means a man-made embankment, usually earthen, Levee designed and constructed in accordance with sound engineering practices to contain, control, or divert the flow of water so as to provide protection from temporary flooding. For a levee structure to be reflected on the FEMA FIRMs as providing flood protection, the levee structure must meet the requirements set forth in 44 CFR 65.10. (40) means a flood protection system which Levee System consists of a levee, or levees, and associated structures, such as closure and drainage devices, which are constructed and operated in accordance with sound engineering practices. (41) means FEMA's official revision Letter of Map Revision (LOMR) of an effective Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM), or Flood Boundary and Floodway Map (FBFM), or both. LOMRs are generally based on the implementation of physical measures that affect the hydrologic or hydraulic characteristics of a flooding source and thus result in the modification of the existing regulatory floodway, the effective Base Flood Elevations (BFEs), or the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA). (42) means FEMA’s Letter of Map Revision Based on Fill (LOMR-F) modification of the Special Flood Hazard Area (SFHA) shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) based on the placement of fill outside the existing regulatory floodway. (43) means the lowest floor of the lowest enclosed Lowest Floor area (including basement). Any floor used for living purposes which includes working, storage, sleeping, cooking and eating, or recreation or any combination thereof. This includes any floor that could be converted to such a use such as a basement or crawl space. The lowest floor is a determinate for the flood insurance premium for a building, home or business. An unfinished or flood resistant enclosure, usable solely for parking or vehicles, building access or storage in an area other than a basement area is not considered a building's lowest floor; provided that such enclosure is not built so as to render the structure in violation of the applicable non-elevation design requirement of Section 60.3 of the National Flood insurance Program regulations. (44) means a structure transportable in one or Manufactured Home more sections, which is built on a permanent chassis and is designed for use with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the required utilities. The term "manufactured home" does not include a "recreational vehicle". (45) means a parcel (or Manufactured Home Park or Subdivision contiguous parcels) of land divided into two or more manufactured home lots for rent or sale. (46) means for purposes of the National Flood Mean Sea Level Insurance Program, the North American Vertical Datum (NAVD) of 1988 or other datum, to which Base Flood Elevations shown on the City’s Flood Insurance Rate Map are referenced. (47) means a form with data Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDA) regarding the properties of a particular substance. An important component of product stewardship and workplace safety, it is intended to provide workers and emergency personnel with procedures for handling or working with that substance in a safe manner, and includes information such as physical data (melting point, boiling point, flash point, etc.), toxicity, health effects, first aid, reactivity, storage, disposal, protective equipment, and spill-handling procedures. (48) means FEMA’s National Flood Insurance Program (NFIP) program of flood insurance coverage and floodplain management administered in conjunction with the Robert T. Stafford Relief and Emergency Assistance Act. The NFIP has applicable Federal regulations promulgated in Title 44 of the Code of Federal Regulations. The U.S. Congress established the NFIP in 1968 with the passage of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968. (49) means a New Manufactured Home Park or Subdivision manufactured home park or subdivision for which the construction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the manufactured homes are to be affixed (including at a minimum, the installation of utilities, the construction of streets, and either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads) is completed on or after January 14, 2014. (50) means a record of the results of an No-Rise Certification engineering analysis conducted to determine whether a project will increase flood heights in a floodway. A No-Rise Certification must be supported by technical data and signed by a registered Colorado Professional Engineer. The supporting technical data should be based on the standard step-backwater computer model used to develop the 100-year floodway shown on the Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM) or Flood Boundary and Floodway Map (FBFM). (51) means FEMA’s action whereby Physical Map Revision (PMR) one or more map panels are physically revised and republished. A PMR is used to change flood risk zones, floodplain and/or floodway delineations, flood elevations, and/or planimetric features. (52) means a vehicle which is: Recreational Vehicle a. Built on a single chassis; b. 400 square feet or less when measured at the largest horizontal projections; c. Designed to be self-propelled or permanently towable by a light duty truck; and d. Designed primarily not for use as a permanent dwelling but as temporary living quarters for recreational, camping, travel, or seasonal use. (53) means the land in the floodplain Special Flood Hazard Area within the City subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year, i.e., the 100-year floodplain. (54) means the date the building permit was Start of Construction issued, including substantial improvements, provided the actual start of construction, repair, reconstruction, rehabilitation, addition, placement, or other improvement was within 180 days of the permit date. The actual start means either the first placement of permanent construction of a structure on a site, such as the pouring of slab or footings, the installation of piles, the construction of columns, or any work beyond the stage of excavation; or the placement of a manufactured home on a foundation. Permanent construction does not include land preparation, such as clearing, grading and filling; nor does it include the installation of streets and/or walkways; nor does it include excavation for basement, footings, piers or foundations or the erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds not occupied as dwelling units or not part of the main structure. For a substantial improvement, the actual start of construction means the first alteration of any wall, ceiling, floor, or other structural part of a building, whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of the building. (55) means a walled and roofed building, including a gas Structure or liquid storage tank, which is principally above ground, as well as a manufactured home. (56) means damage of any origin sustained by Substantial Damage a structure whereby the cost of restoring the structure to its before- damaged condition would equal or exceed 50 percent of the market value of the structure just prior to when the damage occurred. (57) means any reconstruction, Substantial Improvement rehabilitation, addition, or other improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds 50 percent of the market value of the structure before "Start of Construction" of the improvement. The value of the structure shall be determined by the local jurisdiction having land use authority in the area of interest. This includes structures which have incurred "Substantial Damage", regardless of the actual repair work performed. The term does not, however, include either: a. Any project for improvement of a structure to correct existing violations of state or local health, sanitary, or safety code specifications which have been identified by the local code enforcement official and which are the minimum necessary conditions or b. Any alteration of a "historic structure” provided that the alteration will not preclude the structure's continued designation as a "historic structure." (58) means a quantity Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) designated for each chemical on the list of extremely hazardous substances that triggers notification by facilities to the State that such facilities are subject to emergency planning requirements. (59) means a grant of relief to a person from the Variance requirement of this Chapter when specific enforcement would result in unnecessary hardship. A variance, therefore, permits construction or development in a manner otherwise prohibited by this Chapter. (60) means the failure of a structure or other development Violation to be fully compliant with this Chapter. A structure or other development without the elevation certificate, other certifications, or other evidence of compliance required in 44 CFR Section 60.3(b)(5), (c)(4), (c)(10), (d)(3), (e)(2), (e)(4), or (e)(5) is presumed to be in violation until such time as that documentation is provided. (61) means the height, in relation to the Water Surface Elevation North American Vertical Datum (NAVD) of 1988 (or other datum, where specified), of floods of various magnitudes and frequencies in the floodplains of coastal or riverine areas. Sec. 17-9-3. General Provisions. (a) Lands to which this Chapter applies. This Chapter shall apply to all Special Flood Hazard Areas and areas removed from the floodplain by the issuance of a FEMA Letter of Map Revision Based on Fill (LOMR-F) within the jurisdiction of the City of Pueblo, Colorado. (b) Basis for establishing the Special Flood Hazard Area. The Special Flood Hazard Areas identified by the Federal Emergency Management Agency in a scientific and engineering report entitled, "The Flood Insurance Study for the City of Pueblo, Colorado, dated September, 29, 1986, with accompanying Flood Insurance Rate Maps and/or Flood Boundary-Floodway Maps (FIRM and/or FBFM) and any revisions thereto are hereby adopted by reference and declared to be a part of this Chapter. These Special Flood Hazard Areas identified by the FIS and attendant mapping are the minimum area of applicability of this Chapter and may be supplemented by studies designated and approved by City Council. The Floodplain Administrator shall keep a copy of the Flood Insurance Study (FIS), DFIRMs, FIRMs and/or FBFMs on file and available for public inspection. (c) Establishment of Floodplain Development Permit. A Floodplain Development Permit shall be required to ensure conformance with the provisions of this Chapter. (d) Compliance. No structure or land shall hereafter be located, altered, or have its use changed within the Special Flood Hazard Area without full compliance with the terms of this Chapter and other applicable regulations. Nothing herein shall prevent the City Council from taking such lawful action as is necessary to prevent or remedy any violation. These regulations meet the minimum requirements as set forth by the Colorado Water Conservation Board and the National Flood Insurance Program. (e) Abrogation and Greater Restrictions. This Chapter is not intended to repeal, abrogate, or impair any existing easements, covenants, or deed restrictions. However, where this Chapter and another ordinance, easement, covenant, nor deed restriction conflict or overlap, whichever imposes the more stringent restrictions shall prevail. (f) Interpretation. In the interpretation and application of this Chapter, all provisions shall be: (1) Considered as minimum requirements; (2) Liberally construed in favor of the governing body; and (3) Deemed neither to limit nor repeal any other powers granted under State statutes. (g) Warning and Disclaimer of Liability. The degree of flood protection required by this Chapter is considered reasonable for regulatory purposes and is based on scientific and engineering considerations. On rare occasions greater floods can and will occur and flood heights may be increased by man-made or natural causes. This Chapter does not imply that land outside the Special Flood Hazard Area or uses permitted within such areas will be free from flooding or flood damages. This Chapter shall not create liability on the part of the City or any official or employee thereof for any flood damages that result from reliance on this Chapter or any administrative decision lawfully made thereunder. (h) Severability. This Chapter and the various parts thereof are hereby declared to be severable. Should any section of this Chapter be declared by the courts to be unconstitutional or invalid, such decision shall not affect the validity of this Chapter as a whole, or any portion thereof other than the section so declared to be unconstitutional or invalid. Sec. 17-9-4. Administration. (a) Designation of the Floodplain Administrator. The Director of the Department of Stormwater Utility is hereby appointed as Floodplain Administrator to administer, implement and enforce the provisions of this Chapter and other appropriate sections of 44 CFR (National Flood Insurance Program Regulations) pertaining to floodplain management. (b) Duties and responsibilities of the Floodplain Administrator. Duties and responsibilities of the Floodplain Administrator shall include, but not be limited to, the following: (1) Maintain and hold open for public inspection all records pertaining to the provisions of this Chapter, including the actual elevation (in relation to mean sea level) of the lowest floor (including basement) of all new or substantially improved structures and any floodproofing certificate required by Subsection (d) of this Section. (2) Review, approve, or deny all applications for Floodplain Development Permits required by adoption of this Chapter. (3) Review Floodplain Development Permit applications to determine whether a proposed building site, including the placement of manufactured homes, will be reasonably safe from flooding. (4) Review permits for proposed development to assure that all necessary permits have been obtained from those Federal, State or local governmental agencies (including Section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act Amendments of 1972, 33 U.S.C. 1334) from which prior approval is required. (5) Inspect all development at appropriate times during the period of construction to ensure compliance with all provisions of this Chapter, including proper elevation of the structure. (6) Where interpretation is needed as to the exact location of the boundaries of the Special Flood Hazard Area including, by way of example, where there appears to be a conflict between a mapped boundary and actual field conditions, the Floodplain Administrator shall make the necessary interpretation. (7) When Base Flood Elevation data has not been provided in accordance with Section 17-9-3, the Floodplain Administrator shall obtain, review and reasonably utilize any Base Flood Elevation data and Floodway data available from a Federal, State, or other source, in order to administer the provisions of Section 17-9-5. (8) For waterways with Base Flood Elevations for which a regulatory Floodway has not been designated, no new construction, substantial improvements, or other development (including fill) shall be permitted within Zones A1-30 and AE on the City’s FIRM, unless it is demonstrated that the cumulative effect of the proposed development, when combined with all other existing and anticipated development, will not increase the water surface elevation of the base flood more than one- half foot at any point within the City. (9) Under the provisions of 44 CFR Chapter 1, Section 65.12, of the National Flood Insurance Program regulations, a City may approve certain development in Zones A1-30, AE, AH, on the City’s FIRM which increases the water surface elevation of the base flood by more than one- half foot, provided that the City first applies for a conditional FIRM revision through FEMA (Conditional Letter of Map Revision), fulfills the requirements for such revisions as established under the provisions of Section 65.12 and receives FEMA approval. (10) Notify, in riverine situations, adjacent communities and the State Coordinating Agency, which is the Colorado Water Conservation Board, prior to any alteration or relocation of a watercourse, and submit evidence of such notification to FEMA. (11) Ensure that the flood carrying capacity within the altered or relocated portion of any watercourse is maintained. (c) Building permit. No building permit shall be issued for any development in areas of special flood hazards by any official of the City under any provision of this Code until the Floodplain Administrator shall first approve a Floodplain Permit therefor. (d) Permit procedures. Application for a Floodplain Development Permit shall be presented to the Floodplain Administrator on forms furnished by him/her and may include, but not be limited to, plans in duplicate drawn to scale showing the location, dimensions, and elevation of proposed landscape alterations, existing and proposed structures, including the placement of manufactured homes, and the location of the foregoing in relation to Special Flood Hazard Area. Additionally, the following information is required: (1) Elevation (in relation to mean sea level), of the lowest floor (including basement) of all new and substantially improved structures; (2) Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any nonresidential structure shall be floodproofed; (3) A certificate from a registered Colorado Professional Engineer or architect that the nonresidential floodproofed structure shall meet the floodproofing criteria of Subsection 17-9-5(b)(2); (4) Description of the extent to which any watercourse or natural drainage will be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development. (5) Maintain a record of all such information in accordance with Subsection 17-9-4(b). Approval or denial of a Floodplain Development Permit by the Floodplain Administrator shall be based on all of the provisions of this Chapter and the following relevant factors: (1) The danger to life and property due to flooding or erosion damage; (2) The susceptibility of the proposed facility and its contents to flood damage and the effect of such damage on the individual owner; (3) The danger that materials may be swept onto other lands to the injury of others; (4) The compatibility of the proposed use with existing and anticipated development; (5) The safety of access to the property in times of flood for ordinary and emergency vehicles; (6) The costs of providing governmental services during and after flood conditions including maintenance and repair of streets and bridges, and public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems; (7) The expected heights, velocity, duration, rate of rise and sediment transport of the flood waters and the effects of wave action, if applicable, expected at the site; (8) The necessity to the facility of a waterfront location, where applicable; (9) The availability of alternative locations, not subject to flooding or erosion damage, for the proposed use; (10) The relationship of the proposed use to the comprehensive plan for that area. (e) Variance procedures. (1) The Zoning Board of Appeals, shall hear and render judgment on requests for variances from the requirements of this Chapter. (2) The Zoning Board of Appeals shall hear and render judgment on an appeal only when it is alleged there is an error in any requirement, decision, or determination made by the Floodplain Administrator in the enforcement or administration of this Chapter, provided that the written request for such appeal and hearing specifying the grounds therefor shall be filed in the office of the Floodplain Administrator within fifteen (15) days after the date of the alleged error, decision or determination of the Floodplain Administrator which is being appealed. (3) Any person or persons aggrieved by the decision of the Zoning Board of Appeals may appeal such decision in the courts of competent jurisdiction. (4) The Floodplain Administrator shall maintain a record of all actions involving an appeal and shall report variances to the Federal Emergency Management Agency upon request. (5) Variances may be issued for the reconstruction, rehabilitation or restoration of structures listed on the National Register of Historic Places or the State Inventory of Historic Places, without regard to the procedures set forth in the remainder of this Chapter. (6) Variances may be issued for new construction and substantial improvements to be erected on a lot of one-half acre or less in size contiguous to and surrounded by lots with existing structures constructed below the base flood level, providing the relevant factors in Subsection (d) of this Section have been fully considered. As the lot size increases beyond the one-half acre, the technical justification required for issuing the variance increases. (7) Upon consideration of the factors noted above and the intent of this Chapter, the Zoning Board of Appeals may attach such conditions to the granting of variances as it deems necessary to further the purpose and objectives of this Chapter as stated in Section 17-9-1(c). (8) Variances shall not be issued within any designated floodway if any increase in flood levels during the base flood discharge would result. (9) Variances may be issued for the repair or rehabilitation of historic structures upon a determination that the proposed repair or rehabilitation will not preclude the structure's continued designation as a historic structure and the variance is the minimum necessary to preserve the historic character and design of the structure. (10) Prerequisites for granting variances: a. Variances shall only be issued upon a determination that the variance is the minimum necessary, considering the flood hazard, to afford relief. b. Variances shall only be issued upon: 1. Showing a good and sufficient cause; 2. A determination that failure to grant the variance would result in exceptional hardship to the applicant, and 3. A determination that the granting of a variance will not result in increased flood heights, additional threats to public safety, extraordinary public expense, create nuisances, cause fraud on or victimization of the public, or conflict with existing local laws or ordinances. c. Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be given written notice that the structure will be permitted to be built with the lowest floor elevation below the Base Flood Elevation, and that the cost of flood insurance will be commensurate with the increased risk resulting from the reduced lowest floor elevation. (11) Variances may be issued for new construction and substantial improvements and for other development necessary for the conduct of a Functionally Dependent Use provided that: a. The criteria outlined in Subsections (e)(1) through (9) of this Section are met, and b. The structure or other development is protected by methods that minimize flood damages during the base flood and create no additional threats to public safety. (f) Penalties for noncompliance. No structure or land shall hereafter be constructed, located, extended, converted, or altered without full compliance with the terms of this Chapter and other applicable ordinances and regulations of the City. Violation of the provisions of this Chapter by failure to comply with any of its requirements (including violations of conditions and safeguards established in connection with conditions) shall constitute a violation of this Code. Any person who violates this Chapter or fails to comply with any of its requirements shall be punished as provided in Section 1-2-1 of this Code. Nothing herein contained shall prevent the City from taking such other lawful action as is necessary to prevent, enjoin or remedy any violation. Sec. 17-9-5. Provisions for flood hazard reduction. (a) General standards. In all Special Flood Hazard Areas the following provisions are required for all new construction and substantial improvements: (1) All new construction or substantial improvements shall be designed (or modified) and adequately anchored to prevent flotation, collapse or lateral movement of the structure resulting from hydrodynamic and hydrostatic loads, including the effects of buoyancy; (2) All new construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed by methods and practices that minimize flood damage; (3) All new construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed with materials resistant to flood damage; (4) All new construction or substantial improvements shall be constructed with electrical, heating, ventilation, plumbing, and air conditioning equipment and other service facilities that are designed and/or located so as to prevent water from entering or accumulating within the components during conditions of flooding; (5) All manufactured homes shall be installed using methods and practices which minimize flood damage. For the purposes of this requirement, manufactured homes must be elevated and anchored to resist flotation, collapse, or lateral movement. Methods of anchoring may include, but are not limited to, use of over-the-top or frame ties to ground anchors. This requirement is in addition to applicable State and local anchoring requirements for resisting wind forces. (6) All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the system; (7) New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the system and discharge from the systems into flood waters; and, (8) On-site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment to them or contamination from them during flooding. (b) Specific standards. In all Special Flood Hazard Areas where base flood elevation data has been provided as set forth in (i) Section 17-9-3(b), (ii) Section 17-9-4(b)(7), or (iii) Section 17-9-5(g), the following provisions are required: (1) Residential construction. New construction and Substantial Improvement of any residential structure shall have the lowest floor (including basement), elevated to one foot above the base flood elevation. Upon completion of the structure, the elevation of the lowest floor, including basement, shall be certified by a registered Colorado Professional Engineer, architect, or land surveyor. Such certification shall be submitted to the Floodplain Administrator. (2) Nonresidential construction. With the exception of Critical Facilities, outlined in Subsection (h) of this Section, new construction and Substantial Improvements of any commercial, industrial, or other nonresidential structure shall either have the lowest floor (including basement) elevated to one foot above the base flood elevation or, together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities, be designed so that at one foot above the base flood elevation the structure is watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water and with structural components having the capability of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy. A registered Colorado Professional Engineer or architect shall develop and/or review structural design, specifications, and plans for the construction, and shall certify that the design and methods of construction are in accordance with accepted standards of practice as outlined in this subsection. Such certification shall be maintained by the Floodplain Administrator, as proposed in Section 17-9-4(d). (3) Enclosures. New construction and substantial improvements, with fully enclosed areas below the lowest floor that are usable solely for parking of vehicles, building access, or storage in an area other than a basement and which are subject to flooding shall be designed to automatically equalize hydrostatic flood forces on exterior walls by allowing for the entry and exit of floodwaters. Designs for meeting this requirement must either be certified by a registered Colorado Professional Engineer or architect or meet or exceed the following minimum criteria: a. A minimum of two openings having a total net area of not less than one square inch for every square foot of enclosed area subject to flooding shall be provided. b. The bottom of all openings shall be no higher than one foot above grade. c. Openings may be equipped with screens, louvers, valves, or other coverings or devices provided that they permit the automatic entry and exit of floodwaters. (4) Manufactured homes. All manufactured homes that are placed or substantially improved within Zones A1-30, AH, and AE on the City’s FIRM on sites (i) outside of a manufactured home park or subdivision, (ii) in a new manufactured home park or subdivision, (iii) in an expansion to an existing manufactured home park or subdivision, or (iv) in an existing manufactured home park or subdivision on which manufactured home has incurred "substantial damage" as a result of a flood, be elevated on a permanent foundation such that the lowest floor of the manufactured home is elevated to one foot above the base flood elevation and be securely anchored to an adequately anchored foundation system to resist flotation, collapse, and lateral movement. All manufactured homes placed or substantially improved on sites in an existing manufactured home park or subdivision within Zones A1-30, AH and AE on the City’s FIRM that are not subject to the provisions of the above paragraph, shall be elevated so that either: a. The lowest floor of the manufactured home is one foot above the base flood elevation, or b. The manufactured home chassis is supported by reinforced piers or other foundation elements of at least equivalent strength that are no less than 36 inches in height above grade and be securely anchored to an adequately anchored foundation system to resist flotation, collapse, and lateral movement. (5) Recreational vehicles. All recreational vehicles placed on sites within Zones A1-30, AH, and AE on the City’s FIRM either: a. Be on the site for fewer than 180 consecutive days, b. Be fully licensed and ready for highway use, or c. Meet the permit requirements of Section 17-9-4(d), and the elevation and anchoring requirements for "manufactured homes" in Subsection (b)(4) of this Section. A recreational vehicle is ready for highway use if it is on its wheels or jacking system, is attached to the site only by quick disconnect type utilities and security devices, and has no permanently attached additions. (6) Prior approved activities. Any activity for which a Floodplain Development Permit was issued by the City or a CLOMR was issued by FEMA prior to January 14, 2014 may be completed according to the standards in place at the time of the permit or CLOMR issuance and will not be considered in violation of this Chapter if it meets such standards. (c) Standards for areas of shallow flooding (AO/AH zones). Located within the Special Flood Hazard Area established in Section 17-9-3(b), are areas designated as shallow flooding. These areas have special flood hazards associated with base flood depths of 1 to 3 feet where a clearly defined channel does not exist and where the path of flooding is unpredictable and where velocity flow may be evident. Such flooding is characterized by ponding or sheet flow; therefore, the following provisions apply: (1) Residential construction. All new construction and Substantial Improvements of residential structures must have the lowest floor (including basement) elevated above the highest adjacent grade at least one foot above the depth number specified in feet on the City’s FIRM (at least three feet if no depth number is specified). Upon completion of the structure, the elevation of the lowest floor, including basement, shall be certified by a registered Colorado Professional Engineer, architect, or land surveyor. Such certification shall be submitted to the Floodplain Administrator. (2) Nonresidential construction. With the exception of Critical Facilities, outlined in Subsection (h) of this Section , all new construction and Substantial Improvements of non-residential structures, must have the lowest floor (including basement) elevated above the highest adjacent grade at least one foot above the depth number specified in feet on the City’s FIRM (at least three feet if no depth number is specified), or together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities be designed so that the structure is watertight to at least one foot above the base flood level with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water and with structural components having the capability of resisting hydrostatic and hydrodynamic loads of effects of buoyancy. A registered Colorado Professional Engineer or architect shall submit a certification to the Floodplain Administrator that the standards of this Section, as proposed in Section 17-9-4(d), are satisfied. Within Zones AH or AO, adequate drainage paths around structures on slopes are required to guide flood waters around and away from proposed structures. (d) Floodways. Floodways are administrative limits and tools used to regulate existing and future floodplain development. The State of Colorado has adopted Floodway standards that are more stringent than the FEMA minimum standard. Located within Special Flood Hazard Area established in Subsection 17-9-3(b), are areas designated as Floodways. Since the Floodway is an extremely hazardous area due to the velocity of floodwaters which carry debris, potential projectiles and erosion potential, the following provisions shall apply: (1) Encroachments are prohibited, including fill, new construction, substantial improvements and other development within the adopted regulatory Floodway it has been demonstrated through unless hydrologic and hydraulic analyses performed by a licensed Colorado Professional Engineer and in accordance with standard engineering practice that the proposed encroachment would not result in any increase (requires a No-Rise Certification) in flood levels within the City during the occurrence of the base flood discharge. (2) If the above Subsection (d)(1) of this Section is satisfied, all new construction and substantial improvements shall comply with all applicable flood hazard reduction provisions of this Section. (3) Under the provisions of 44 CFR Chapter 1, Section 65.12, of the National Flood Insurance Regulations, the City may permit encroachments within the adopted regulatory floodway that would result in an increase in Base Flood Elevations, provided that the City first applies for a CLOMR and floodway revision through FEMA. (e) Alteration of a Watercourse. For all proposed developments that alter a watercourse within a Special Flood Hazard Area, the following standards apply: (1) Channelization and flow diversion projects shall appropriately consider issues of sediment transport, erosion, deposition, and channel migration and properly mitigate potential problems through the project as well as upstream and downstream of any improvement activity. A detailed analysis of sediment transport and overall channel stability should be considered, when appropriate, to assist in determining the most appropriate design. (2) Channelization and flow diversion projects shall evaluate the residual 100-year floodplain. (3) Any channelization or other stream alteration activity proposed by a project proponent must be evaluated for its impact on the regulatory floodplain and be in compliance with all applicable Federal, State and local floodplain rules, regulations and ordinances. (4) Any stream alteration activity shall be designed and sealed by a registered Colorado Professional Engineer or Certified Professional Hydrologist. (5) All activities within the regulatory floodplain shall meet all applicable Federal, State and local floodplain requirements and regulations. (6) Within the Regulatory Floodway, stream alteration activities shall not be constructed unless the project proponent demonstrates through a Floodway analysis and report, sealed by a registered Colorado Professional Engineer, that there is not more than a 0.00-foot rise in the proposed conditions compared to existing conditions Floodway resulting from the project, otherwise known as a No-Rise Certification, unless the City first applies for a CLOMR and Floodway revision in accordance with Subsection (d) of this Section. Maintenance shall be required for any altered or relocated portions of watercourses so that the flood-carrying capacity is not diminished. (f) Properties removed from the Floodplain by fill. A Floodplain Development Permit shall not be issued for the construction of a new structure or addition to an existing structure on a property removed from the floodplain by the issuance of a FEMA Letter of Map Revision Based on Fill (LOMR-F), with a lowest floor elevation placed below the Base Flood Elevation with one foot of freeboard that existed prior to the placement of fill. (g) Standards for subdivision proposals. (1) All subdivision proposals including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall be reasonably safe from flooding. If a subdivision or other development proposal is in a flood- prone area, the proposal shall minimize flood damage. (2) All proposals for the development of subdivisions including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall meet Floodplain Development Permit requirements of Section 17-9-3(c), 17-9- 4(d); and the provisions of Section 17-9-5 of this Chapter. (3) Base Flood Elevation data shall be generated for subdivision proposals and other proposed development including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions which is greater than 50 lots or 5 acres, whichever is lesser, if not otherwise provided pursuant to Section 17-9-3(b) or Section 17-9-4(b) of this Chapter. (4) All subdivision proposals including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall have adequate drainage provided to reduce exposure to flood hazards. (5) All subdivision proposals including the placement of manufactured home parks and subdivisions shall have public utilities and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical and water systems located and constructed to minimize or eliminate flood damage. (h) Standards for critical facilities. A Critical Facility is a structure or related infrastructure, but not the land on which it is situated, as specified in Rule 6 of the Rules and Regulations for Regulatory Floodplains in Colorado, that if flooded may result in significant hazards to public health and safety or interrupt essential services and operations for the City at any time before, during and after a flood. (1) Critical Facilities are classified under the following categories: (a) Essential Services; (b) Hazardous Materials; (c) At-risk Populations; and (d) Vital to Restoring Normal Services. a. Essential services facilities include public safety, emergency response, emergency medical, designated emergency shelters, communications, public utility plant facilities, and transportation lifelines. These facilities consist of: 1. Public safety (police stations, fire and rescue stations, emergency vehicle and equipment storage, and, emergency operation centers); 2. Emergency medical (hospitals, ambulance service centers, urgent care centers having emergency treatment functions, and non-ambulatory surgical structures but excluding clinics, doctors offices, and non-urgent care medical structures that do not provide these functions); 3. Designated emergency shelters; 4. Communications (main hubs for telephone, broadcasting equipment for cable systems, satellite dish systems, cellular systems, television, radio, and other emergency warning systems, but excluding towers, poles, lines, cables, and conduits); 5. Public utility plant facilities for generation and distribution (hubs, treatment plants, substations and pumping stations for water, power and gas, but not including towers, poles, power lines, buried pipelines, transmission lines, distribution lines, and service lines); and 6. Air Transportation lifelines (airports (municipal and larger), helicopter pads and structures serving emergency functions, and associated infrastructure (aviation control towers, air traffic control centers, and emergency equipment aircraft hangars). Specific exemptions to this category include wastewater treatment plants (WWTP), non-potable water treatment and distribution systems, and hydroelectric power generating plants and related appurtenances. Public utility plant facilities may be exempted if it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the Flood Plain Administrator that the facility is an element of a redundant system for which service will not be interrupted during a flood. At a minimum, it shall be demonstrated that redundant facilities are available (either owned by the same utility or available through an intergovernmental agreement or other contract) and connected, the alternative facilities are either located outside of the 100-year floodplain or are compliant with the provisions of this Section, and an operations plan is in effect that states how redundant systems will provide service to the affected area in the event of a flood. Evidence of ongoing redundancy shall be provided to the Flood Plain Administrator on an as-needed basis upon request. b. Hazardous materials facilities include facilities that produce or store highly volatile, flammable, explosive, toxic and/or water-reactive materials. These facilities may include: 1. Chemical and pharmaceutical plants (chemical plant, pharmaceutical manufacturing); 2. Laboratories containing highly volatile, flammable, explosive, toxic and/or water-reactive materials; 3. Refineries; 4. Hazardous waste storage and disposal sites; and 5. Above ground gasoline or propane storage or sales centers. Facilities shall be determined to be Critical Facilities if they produce or store materials in excess of threshold limits. If the owner of a facility is required by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to keep a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) on file for any chemicals stored or used in the work place, AND the chemical(s) is stored in quantities equal to or greater than the Threshold Planning Quantity (TPQ) for that chemical, then that facility shall be considered to be a Critical Facility. The TPQ for these chemicals is: either 500 pounds or the TPQ listed (whichever is lower) for the 356 chemicals listed under 40 C.F.R. § 302 (2010), also known as Extremely Hazardous Substances (EHS); or 10,000 pounds for any other chemical. This threshold is consistent with the requirements for reportable chemicals established by the Colorado Department of Health and Environment. OSHA requirements for MSDS can be found in 29 C.F.R. § 1910 (2010). The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regulation “Designation, Reportable Quantities, and Notification,” 40 C.F.R. § 302 (2010) and OSHA regulation “Occupational Safety and Health Standards,” 29 C.F.R. § 1910 (2010) are incorporated herein by reference and include the regulations in existence at the time of the promulgation this Chapter, but exclude later amendments to or editions of the regulations Specific exemptions to this category include: Finished consumer products within retail centers and households containing hazardous materials intended for household use, and agricultural products intended for agricultural use; Buildings and other structures containing hazardous materials for which it can be demonstrated to the satisfaction of the local authority having jurisdiction by hazard assessment and certification by a qualified professional (as determined by the local jurisdiction having land use authority) that a release of the subject hazardous material does not pose a major threat to the public; and Pharmaceutical sales, use, storage, and distribution centers that do not manufacture pharmaceutical products. These exemptions shall not apply to buildings or other structures that also function as Critical Facilities under another category outlined in this Article. c. At-risk population facilities include medical care, congregate care, and schools. These facilities consist of: 1. Elder care ( nursing homes); 2. Congregate care serving 12 or more individuals ( day care and assisted living); 3. Public and private schools (pre-schools, K-12 schools), before-school and after-school care serving 12 or more children); d. Facilities vital to restoring normal services including government operations. These facilities consist of: 1. Essential government operations (public records, courts, jails, building permitting and inspection services, administration and management, maintenance and equipment centers); 2. Essential structures for public colleges and universities (dormitories, offices, and classrooms only). These facilities may be exempted if it is demonstrated to the City Council that the facility is an element of a redundant system for which service will not be interrupted during a flood. At a minimum, it shall be demonstrated that redundant facilities are available (either owned by the same entity or available through an intergovernmental agreement or other contract), the alternative facilities are either located outside of the 100-year floodplain or are compliant with this Chapter, and an operations plan is in effect that states how redundant facilities will provide service to the affected area in the event of a flood. Evidence of ongoing redundancy shall be provided to the City Council on an as-needed basis upon request. (2) Protection for critical facilities. All new and substantially improved Critical Facilities and new additions to Critical Facilities located within the Special Flood Hazard Area shall be regulated to a higher standard than structures not determined to be Critical Facilities. For the purposes of this Chapter, protection shall include one of the following: a. Location outside the Special Flood Hazard Area; or b. Elevation or floodproofing of the structure to at least two feet above the Base Flood Elevation. (3) Ingress and egress for new critical facilities. New Critical Facilities shall, when practicable as determined by the City Council have continuous non-inundated access (ingress and egress for evacuation and emergency services) during a100-year flood event. (4) Identification of critical facilities. All structures that clearly meet the intent of the classification criteria shall be deemed Critical Facilities. For those structures for which it is unclear or otherwise ambiguous if the criteria are met, the Flood Plain Administrator shall have the sole discretion to determine if the structure is a Critical Facility. SECTION 3. The provisions of this Ordinance and Chapter 9 of Title XVII hereby adopted are severable, and if any provision, sentence, clause, section, or part thereof is held illegal, invalid, or unconstitutional or inapplicable to any person or circumstance, the illegality, invalidity, unconstitutionality, or inapplicability shall not affect or impair any of the remaining provisions, sentences, clauses, sections or parts of this Ordinance and Chapter 9 of Title XVII or their application to other persons or circumstances. It is hereby declared to be the intent of the City of Pueblo that this Ordinance and Chapter 9 of Title XVII would have been adopted if such illegal, invalid or unconstitutional provision, sentence, clause, section or part had not been included therein, and if the person or circumstances to which the same or any part thereof is inapplicable had been specifically exempted therefrom. SECTION 4. The officers of the City are directed and authorized to perform any and all acts consistent with the intent of this Ordinance to effectuate the policies and procedures described herein. SECTION 5. This Ordinance shall become effective January 14, 2014. INTRODUCED: November 11, 2013 BY: Ami Nawrocki PASSED AND APPROVED: November 25, 2013